Hysteria Revista de sexualidad y cultura
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por Alex Xavier Aceves Bernal
Asociación de Sexualidad Educativa (ASSEX)
por Nuria Faus
Dentro de las relaciones sexuales existen una infinidad de prácticas que nos ayudan a explorar nuestro cuerpo y alimentan nuestro deseo. Experimentar forma parte de la excitación. Lo desconocido o lo poco convencional activa, en muchas ocasiones, nuestra curiosidad y la motivación de mantener relaciones eróticas más allá de lo habitual. Cada vez hay más personas que se asoman a un tipo de conductas eróticas que se salen fuera de lo habitual, como el BDSM. Pero ¿cómo funciona? ¿qué es exactamente el BDSM?
Las prácticas BDSM tienen mucha controversia y suelen estar expuestas a malinterpretaciones. El desconocimiento general que se tiene sobre estas prácticas y las personas que las llevan a cabo de forma habitual, produce juicios erróneos, como por ejemplo, etiquetarlos como pervertidos o parafílicos. Sin embargo, se trata de una práctica sexual que se caracteriza, como veremos, por la comunicación y el placer mutuo.
Cuando hablamos del BDSM, parece mucho fácil comprender a la persona que adquiere el rol dominante, puesto que, por experiencias ajenas a las eróticas, solemos disfrutar cuando nos sentimos poderosos. Sin embargo, entender al rol sumiso, y cómo, esas situaciones pueden excitar sexualmente a alguien es más complicado.
La línea del placer y el dolor es muy delgada, fisiológicamente hablando. Lo que las separa, básicamente, es la interpretación que otorgamos a esas sensaciones orgánicas. El miedo, producido por las humillaciones y las actitudes de dominación, provoca un subidón de adrenalina automático, la cual es la responsable de la excitación sexual. El dolor produce endorfinas, las cuales están presentes también en el orgasmo. Sin embargo, el dolor en sí no produce placer erótico, pero si este está acompañado de la dopamina, que se genera por la atracción sexual, se convierten en una mezcla explosiva que puede provocar un placer súbito.
Las siglas BDSM fueron creadas en 1990 y responden a una serie de conceptos que aclaramos de forma muy breve a continuación:
- Bondage: Término asociado a las ataduras con cualquier elemento de restricción del cuerpo.
- Disciplina/Dominación: Conceptos relacionados con la persona que ejerce el rol del poder, actuando según sus deseos y mandatos (dominación) a través de reglas, castigos, adiestramientos, etc… (disciplina).
- Sumisión: Se caracteriza por la obediencia, dejando que se actúe sobre el propio cuerpo.
- Sadismo: El placer nace causando dolor, humillación o incomodidad a otra persona que acepta esta situación. El Sádico cuida en todo momento a la persona sobre la que está ejerciendo estas prácticas. No debemos confundirlo con el sadismo criminal o malintencionado que se ejerce para crear situaciones desagradables con personas que no las disfrutan ni consienten a ellas.
- Masoquismo. El placer se adquiere a través de experimentar dolor, humillación o incomodidad.
Todas estas prácticas comparten ciertas premisas que deben ser consensuadas por los actores, los cuales decidirán los límites a los que se está dispuesto a llegar ejerciendo cada rol. Es una actuación voluntaria y pueden ser detenidas en cualquier momento por cualquiera de los participantes.
El BDSM no puede entenderse si no se tiene en cuenta que el placer ha de ser mutuo y respetuoso. Es por ello, que siempre se fija un acuerdo con determinadas reglas de juego.
Este reglamento es conocido con las siglas SSC[1] que garantiza unas relaciones:
- Seguras, en cuanto al desarrollo y el material utilizado, así como la prevención de riesgos.
- Sensatas, en cuanto a la capacidad de decidir ponerlas en práctica sin la alteración de drogas o alcohol, sabiendo diferenciar fantasía y realidad.
- Consensuadas, en cuanto al acuerdo sobre la forma e intensidad con la que se realicen, y la libertad de cambiar de decisión.
Utilizar el BDSM dentro de tu repertorio de conductas eróticas puede convertirse en una experiencia muy placentera, por el simple hecho de experimentar algo nuevo. Esto no te convierte en un pervertido, pero si podrás descubrir muchas cosas de ti mismo que desconocías por completo, todo depende de las ganas de experimentar.
[1] David Stein: “Seguro, sensato y consensuado. La creación de una consigna”. Cuadernos de BDSM núm. 8, julio 2009, p. 22-31. Accesible en línea desde http://cuadernosbdsm.sadomania.net/cuadernos/CBDSM8.pdf
